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Precautions for Hoisting Operations
Release time:
2020-08-14
Cranes are indispensable on construction sites; any large object requires the involvement of cranes.
Cranes are indispensable on construction sites; any large object requires the involvement of cranes. With such frequent use and the inherent dangers of these machines, necessary precautions cannot be overlooked.
1. Preparatory work before lifting includes
(1) Properly wearing personal protective equipment, including safety helmets, work clothes, work shoes, and gloves. For work at heights, safety belts and tool bags must also be worn.
(2) Inspecting and clearing the work site, determining the transportation route, and removing obstacles; for outdoor work, understanding the weather forecast for the day; ensuring that the ground for mobile cranes is solid and level to prevent foundation settlement during operation.
(3) Conducting safety checks on the cranes and lifting tools and accessories used; not using scrapped components to avoid safety hazards; familiarizing oneself with the type, quantity, packaging condition, and surrounding conditions of the items to be lifted.
(4) Performing maximum load calculations based on relevant technical data to determine lifting point locations and binding methods.
(5) Preparing an operation plan.
(6) Anticipating possible accidents, taking effective preventive measures, selecting safe passages, and formulating emergency responses.
2. Safety operation techniques for crane operators
(1) Before starting the machine, confirm that it is in a safe state: all controllers should be in the zero position; there should be no unrelated personnel on the crane or in the work area, and workers should have evacuated to a safe zone; there should be no unremoved obstacles within the crane's operating range; the minimum distance between the crane and other equipment or fixed structures should be more than 0.5m; the power disconnection device should be locked or have warning signs; the mobile crane should have the site leveled as required, and the support legs should be firm and reliable.
(2) Before driving, a bell or warning signal must be sounded; when approaching people during operation, intermittent bell sounds or warning signals should be given.
(3) During normal operation, the operator must not use the limit position limiter to stop; must not use reverse driving for braking; must not conduct inspections and repairs during lifting operations; must not adjust the lifting or luffing mechanisms with a load, or increase the working range with a load; loads must not pass over people's heads, and no one should stand under the load or the crane arm.
(4) Operate strictly according to command signals; for emergency stop signals, regardless of who issues them, they must be executed immediately.
(5) When the load approaches or reaches the rated value, or when lifting dangerous items, carefully check the brakes before lifting, and conduct a trial lift with a small height and short stroke. Only proceed with lifting after confirming there are no issues.
(6) The minimum distance between various parts of the crane, the load, and auxiliary tools and power lines should meet safety requirements.
(7) The operator should not operate under the following conditions: if the crane structure or components have defects or damage affecting safety; if the load is overloaded or potentially overloaded, or if the load quality is unclear; if the load is buried or frozen underground, or pressed by other objects; if the load is not securely bound or is unstable, or if there are no padding between the sharp edges of the load and the lifting sling; if there are people or floating objects on the load; if the work site is dim, making it impossible to see the site, load conditions, or command signals. During operation, do not pull or lift at an angle.
(8) In the event of a sudden power outage during work, all controllers should be set to zero, and the main power should be turned off. Before resuming work, check whether the crane is functioning normally and confirm safety before normal operation.
(9) If there are both main and auxiliary lifting mechanisms, they should not be used simultaneously (except for specially designed cranes where allowed).
(10) When using two or more cranes to lift the same heavy object, each crane must not be overloaded. During the lifting process, the steel wire ropes should remain vertical, and operations should be synchronized. Relevant responsible personnel and safety technicians should be present to guide the operation.
(11) For outdoor track cranes, work should be stopped when wind force exceeds level 6; when work is finished, the crane should be anchored.
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